DR HILARY HISCOCK1, DR COURTENAY WEST2,3, PROF MATTHEW JOSE1,4
1Department Of Nephrology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Australia, 2Department Of Urology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Australia, 3Lithotripsy Service, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia, 4School Of Medicine, University Of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Biography:
Hilary Hiscock is a first-year Nephrology Advanced Trainee working at the Royal Hobart Hospital. She has an interest in general nephrology and immunology.
Aim:
To determine trends in Australian epidemiology of urinary calculi from 2003 to 2023.
Background:
Global incidence of urinary calculi is increasing. Whilst incidence is higher in males, the gender gap has narrowed globally. No Australian epidemiological data has been published since 2012.
Methods:
Data was sourced from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare National Hospital Morbidity Database from 2003 to 2023. We included public and private hospital admissions with a principal, or additional diagnosis of urinary calculi, and public emergency presentations with a principal diagnosis of urinary calculi.
Results:
From 2003 to 2023 annual hospitalisations for urinary calculi increased from 41,318 to 77,200, with a greater relative increase in females (132%) than males (71%). The age standardised rate (ASR) of hospitalisations increased between 2009-2017 in females/males at a rate of 8.93/17.0 per 100,000 population per year (p<0.001) then decreased in males and plateaued in females. In 2022-3 there was clear difference in gender, overall 32.6% of hospitalised patients were female (an absolute increase of 6.3% since 2003), but no difference for gender in First Nations Australians or people aged<25. Peak age for emergency presentations was 44-54, 20 years less than for hospitalisations. Peak hospitalisation age was lower in females (55-64) than males (65-74). 13.6% of hospitalised patients had type 2 diabetes. ASR of hospitalisation was 14% greater in lowest socioeconomic areas, and 27% less in remote and very remote areas. Length of stay and likelihood of overnight admission decreased by 21% and 17% respectively over the study period.
Conclusions:
Between 2003-2023, hospitalisations for urinary calculi increased and gender gap narrowed. Gender gap was not observed in First Nations Australians or people aged <25.
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