Dr. JI BIAN, Dr. CHUNLING HUANG, Dr. ANN LIEBERT, Dr. BRIAN BICKNELL, A/Prof. XIN-MING CHEN, Professor CAROL POLLOCK
1University Of Sydney, SYDNEY, Australia
Aim
To identify the role of photobiomodulation (PBM) in managing chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Background
Innovative therapeutic strategies for CKD are urgently needed due to the limitation of current treatments. PBM, a nonthermal light therapy, effectively mitigates inflammation and oxidative stress, which are factors inherent in CKD. However, the potential role of PBM in treating CKD has not yet been explored.
Methods
In vitro, human proximal tubular cells (HK2 cells) pre-treated with low (4.32 J) or high dosage (8.64J) of PBM were then incubated with TGF-β1 (2 ng/ml) for 48 hours with or without PBM irradiation every 24h. In vivo, folic acid (FA)-induced CKD mice were treated with low dosage (7.2J) or high dosage (18J) of PBM 3 times per week for 2 weeks. SHAM treatments were identical but with laser diodes switched off. Renal function, fibrotic, inflammatory, and antioxidant markers were examined.
Results
In vitro results showed that TGF-β1-induced upregulation of fibronectin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and downregulation of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx-1) were significantly reversed by low dosage PBM (P<0.05) but not high dosage PBM. In vivo, low dosage PBM but not high dosage improved FA-induced kidney injury with significant decreases in the levels of blood urea nitrogen, 24h albumin, and urine albumin-creatinine ratio (P<0.01). Moreover, FA-induced overexpression of fibronectin, collagen III, TGF-β1, MCP-1, TNF-α, F4/80, CD68, and downregulation of GPx-1, catalase were reversed by low dosage PBM (P<0.01) but not high dosage PBM. The biphasic dose response of PBM were confirmed in both in vitro and in vivo studies.
Conclusions
PBM protects against chronic kidney injury via suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress when used at the appropriate dosage.
Biography:
Peter Bian is doing Ph.D. in the renal lab at Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney. He completed a medical degree in China and completed his master’s degree in the University of Sydney. Peter Bian has 2 publications in the first year as a Ph.D. candidate. His PhD study is to examine the role of Photobiomodualtion in preventing or retarding the progression of chronic kidney disease. His research focuses on the novel therapeutic targets for chronic kidney disease and the underling mechanisms including inflammation, fibrosis, autophagy/mitophagy and gut microbiota .